Cambridge University Press

Professor Dixon's book The Dyirbal Language of North Queensland (CUP 1972) is acknowledge to be a classic study. His study of Yidin is directly comparable in importance. Yidin, which is also a dying language, is Dyirbal's northerly neighbour. Yet the two languages have striking and fundamental differences in each area of grammar (while still both belonging to the Australian language family). In the phonology, there is a preference for each word to consist of an even number of syllables, in order to satisfy the stress targets of Yidin. Syntactically, the language is of a 'mixed ergative' type that cannot easily be accommodated in terms of standard syntactic theory. These and a number of other special features of Yidin have a crucial bearing on several theoretical enquiries into linguistic universals.

This handbook is for the non-specialist in international law who needs to gain a working knowledge of its central principles and rules. It will, for example, help you to understand the differences between often misunderstood ideas such as diplomatic vs. state immunity. In a world of overlapping legal systems created by international and national courts and tribunals, this is a practical guide to how international law is applied to other branches of law. It is written by an expert international lawyer, who uses his professional experience to focus on how the law is created by states and international organisations, and how they apply these laws to manage day-to-day problems. This new edition retains a concise, user-friendly format that will help you grasp central principles such as jurisdiction and the law of treaties, as well as the international law of more specialised topics such as human rights, terrorism and the environment.

This concise and accessible introduction to European economic history focusses on the interplay between the development of institutions and the generation and diffusion of knowledge-based technologies. The author challenges the view that European economic history before the Industrial Revolution was constrained by population growth outstripping available resources. He argues instead that the limiting factor was the knowledge needed for technological progress but also that Europe was unique in developing a scientific culture and institutions which were the basis for the unprecedented technological progress and economic growth of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Simple explanatory concepts are used to explain growth and stagnation as well as the convergence of income over time whilst text boxes, figures, an extensive glossary and online exercises enable students to develop a comprehensive understanding of the subject. This is the only textbook students will need to understand Europe's unique economic development and its global context.

The global spread of English has had widespread linguistic, social and cultural implications, affecting the lives of millions of people around the world. This textbook provides a lively and accessible introduction to world Englishes, describing varieties used in places as broad-ranging as America, Jamaica, Australia, Africa and Asia, and setting them within their historical and social contexts. Students are guided through the material with chapter previews and summaries, maps, timelines, lists of key terms, discussion questions and exercises, and a comprehensive glossary, helping them to understand, analyse and compare different varieties of English, and apply descriptive terminology. The book is accompanied by a useful web site, containing textual and audio examples of the varieties introduced in the text, and links to related sources of interest. Providing essential knowledge and skills for those embarking on the study of world Englishes, this is set to become the leading introduction to the subject.

American Criminal Justice Policy examines many of the most prominent criminal justice policies on the American landscape and finds that they fall well short of achieving the accountability and effectiveness that policymakers have advocated and that the public expects. The policies include mass incarceration, sex offender laws, supermax prisons, faith-based prisoner reentry programs, transfer of juveniles to adult court, domestic violence mandatory arrest laws, drug courts, gun laws, community policing, private prisons, and others. Optimistically, Daniel P. Mears argues that this situation can be changed through systematic incorporation of evaluation research into policy development, monitoring, and assessment. To this end, the book provides a clear and accessible discussion of five types of evaluation — needs, theory, implementation or process, outcome and impact, and cost-efficiency. It identifies how these can be used both to hold the criminal justice system accountable and to increase the effectiveness of crime control and crime prevention efforts.

Using Chinese Synonyms is an essential reference book, specifically designed for non-native speakers of Chinese, and for teachers and other language professionals who want a user-friendly guide to the finer nuances of Chinese synonyms. It contains approximately 1700 synonyms in 316 groups. With the particular needs of non-native speakers of Chinese in mind, this invaluable book selects and explains words and phrases in everyday use, allowing students to enhance their knowledge of one of the most important and widely-spoken languages in the world. This book assists in the development of fluent, spontaneous and skilful use of Chinese synonyms.

The Obama administration aims to lay a sound foundation for growth by investing in high-speed rail, clean energy, information technology, drinking water, and other vital infrastructures. The idea is to partner with the private sector to produce these public goods. An Obama government bank will direct these investments, making project decisions based on the merits of each project, not on politics. This approach has been a cornerstone of U.S. foreign policy for several decades. In fact, our government-led reinvestment in America is modeled explicitly on international public banks and partnerships. However, although this foreign commercial policy is well-established with many successes, it has also been deservedly controversial and divisive. This book describes the international experience, drawing lessons on how the Obama Bank can forge partnerships to promote a durable twenty-first-century New Deal.

The emergence of EU Private Law as an independent legal discipline is one of the most significant developments in European legal scholarship in recent times. In this Companion, leading scholars provide a critical introduction to the subject's key areas, while offering original and thought-provoking comment on the field. In addition to several chapters on consumer law topics, the collection has individual chapters on commercial contracts, competition law, non-discrimination law, financial services and travel law. It also discusses the wider issues concerning EU Private Law, such as its historical evolution, the role of comparative law, language and terminology, as well as the implications of the Common Frame of Reference project. A useful 'scene-setting' introduction and further reading arranged thematically make this important publication the student's and scholar's first port of call when exploring the field.

The Victorian era produced artistic achievements, technological inventions and social developments that continue to shape how we live today. This Companion offers authoritative coverage of that period's culture and its contexts in a group of specially commissioned essays reflecting the current state of research in each particular field. Covering topics from music to politics, art to technology, war to domestic arts, journalism to science, the essays address multiple aspects of the Victorian world. The book explores what 'Victorian' has come to mean and how an idea of the 'Victorian' might now be useful to historians of culture. It explores too the many different meanings of 'culture' itself in the nineteenth century and in contemporary scholarship. An invaluable resource for students of literature, history, and interdisciplinary studies, this Companion analyses the nature of nineteenth-century British cultural life and offers searching perspectives on their culture as seen from ours.

Victorian poetry was read and enjoyed by a much larger audience than is sometimes thought. Publication in widely-circulating periodicals, reprinting in book reviews, and excerpting in novels and essays ensured that major poets such as Tennyson, Browning, Hardy and Rossetti were household names, and they remain popular today. The Cambridge Introduction to Victorian Poetry provides an accessible overview of British poetry from 1830 to 1901, paying particular attention to its role in mass media print culture. Designed to interest both students and scholars, the book traces lively dialogues between poets and explains poets' choices of form, style and language. It also demonstrates poetry's relevance to Victorian debates on science, social justice, religion, imperialism, and art. Featuring a glossary of literary terms, a guide to further reading, and two examples of close readings of Victorian poems, this introduction is the ideal starting-point for the study of verse in the nineteenth century.

The only textbook to provide a complete introduction to post-1989 Central and Eastern European politics, this dynamic volume provides a comprehensive account of the collapse of communism and the massive transformation that the region has witnessed. It brings together 23 leading specialists to trace the course of the dramatic changes accompanying democratization. The text provides country-by-country coverage, identifying common themes and enabling students to see which are shared throughout the area, giving them a sense of its unity and comparability whilst strengthening understanding around its many different trajectories. The dual thematic focus on democratisation and Europeanisation running through the text also helps to reinforce this learning process. Each chapter contains a factual overview to give the reader context concerning a region which they may have never previously studied, but are sure to find fascinating.

English Grammar in Use Third edition is a fully updated version of the classic grammar title. It retains all the key features of clarity and accessibility that have made the book so popular with students and teachers. This new edition is designed to be flexible. The book is available both with and without answers, so it can be used in class or for homework. The 'with answers' version of the book comes with a handy pullout reference panel which allows students to review key grammar points. It is also available packaged with a CD-ROM.

Full-colour preparation material for the 2007 updated Cambridge Young Learners English Tests. Fun activities balanced with exam-style questions practise all the areas of the syllabus in a communicative way. The material is specifically designed to focus on those areas most likely to cause problems for young learners at these levels.

Full-colour preparation material for the 2007 updated Cambridge Young Learners English Tests. Fun activities balanced with exam-style questions practise all the areas of the syllabus in a communicative way. The material is specifically designed to focus on those areas most likely to cause problems for young learners at these levels.

Interchange Third Edition is a 4-level series for adult and young adult learners of English from the beginning to the high-intermediate level. The Workbook has six-page units that follow the same sequence as the Student's Book, recycling and reviewing language from previous units. It provides additional practice in grammar, vocabulary, reading, and writing. The Workbook can be appropriate for in-class work or assigned as homework.

This colourful four-level course is for very young learners aged 5-7 years. English is acquired through play, which means children learn the language and have lots of fun at the same time. At Levels 1 and 2 children learn to use English confidently through listening and speaking before they are taught to read and write at Levels 3 and 4. The course materials include a video with entertaining stories and a set of beautifully illustrated story cards to help children remember what they've learnt. For teachers looking for further support, optional components such as picture cards and musical videos are available for extra class work and practice.

This is the teacher training course for teachers and trainee teachers preparing for the Cambridge ESOL 'Teaching Knowledge Test' or other initial teacher training qualifications. There are no formal entry requirements for the TKT, however candidates are advised to have at least an intermediate level of English (PET/IELTS band score of 4.0/B1).

Cambridge Grammar for First Certificate Second edition provides complete coverage of the grammar needed for the Cambridge FCE exam, and develops listening skills at the same time. It includes the full range of FCE exam tasks from the Reading, Writing, Listening, and Use of English papers, and contains helpful grammar explanations and a grammar glossary. It has been fully updated for the new exam to be introduced from December 2008.

A brand new edition of the Cambridge Advanced Learners Dictionary and CD-ROM, that is now more user-friendly than ever. Clear definitions and prominent guidewords help you find the meaning you want quickly and easily. Hundreds of new words ensure your English is up to date. And Word partner boxes show you how to use words in the most natural way.

Complete First Certificate is a new course for the 2008 revised FCE exam. Informed by the Cambridge Learner Corpus and providing a complete FCE exam paper specially prepared for publication by Cambridge ESOL, it is the most authentic exam preparation course available. Complete First Certificate combines the very best in contemporary classroom practice with first-hand knowledge of the challenges students face. There are exercises to help students avoid repeating the typical mistakes that real FCE candidates make, as revealed by the Cambridge Learner Corpus. This topic-based course covers every part of the FCE exam in detail, ensuring that students are fully equipped to tackle each part of every paper. In addition, the accompanying free CD-ROM enables students to focus on their own particular areas of difficulty and work at their own pace. Complete First Certificate offers the most authentic preparation for the revised FCE exam available.

An invaluable resource helping teachers at all levels of experience to develop their understanding of English grammar. Grammar for English Language Teachers is designed to help practising and traine teachers to develop their knowledge of English grammar systems. It encourages teachers to appreciate factors that affect grammatical choices, and evaluates the ‘rules of thumb’ presented to learners in course materials. Consolidation exercises provide an opportunity for teachers to test these rules against real language use and to evaluate classroom and reference materials.

Professor Vinokur (1896-1947) discusses each of the stages in the development of Russian from its Common Slavonic source, and the growing dominance of the dialect of Moscow from the sixteenth century, up to the ninenteenth century when the language had virtually reached its present form and into the twentieth century. Each stage is illustrated by extensive quotation, all examples of Old Russian being translated into English, but examples in modern Russian appearing in the original only. This 1971 text will be of value to students of Russian with a basic linguistic grounding who are beginning their study of the historical development of the language.

This best-selling textbook provides an engaging and user-friendly introduction to the study of language. Assuming no prior knowledge in the subject, Yule presents information in short, bite-sized sections, introducing the major concepts in language study — from how children learn language to why men and women speak differently, through all the key elements of language. This fourth edition has been revised and updated with twenty new sections, covering new accounts of language origins, the key properties of language, text messaging, kinship terms and more than twenty new word etymologies. To increase student engagement with the text, Yule has also included more than fifty new tasks, including thirty involving data analysis, enabling students to apply what they have learned. The online study guide offers students further resources when working on the tasks, while encouraging lively and proactive learning. This is the most fundamental and easy-to-use introduction to the study of language.

Kid's Box is a six-level course for young learners. Bursting with bright ideas to inspire both teachers and students, Kid's Box gives children a confident start to learning English. It also fully covers the syllabus for the Cambridge Young Learners English (YLE) tests. This Resource Pack contains extra photocopiable activities to reinforce and extend each unit of the Pupil's Book, allowing teachers to cater for mixed-ability classes, as well as tests suitable for YLE preparation. Level 6 completes the Flyers cycle (CEF level A2).