Cambridge University Press

Active Listening, Second Edition, is grounded in the theory that learners are more successful listeners when they activate their prior knowledge of a topic. Teacher's Manual 2 contains step-by-step practical teaching notes, optional speaking activities and listening strategies, culture notes, and suggested times for completing lessons. Photocopiable unit quizzes, two complete tests with Audio CD, and complete answer keys are also included.

The siege of Leningrad constituted one of the most dramatic episodes of World War II, one that individuals and the state began to commemorate almost immediately. Official representations of heroic Leningrad omitted and distorted a great deal. Nonetheless, survivors struggling to cope with painful memories often internalized, even if they did not completely accept, the state's myths, and they often found their own uses for the state's monuments. Tracing the overlap and interplay of individual memories and fifty years of Soviet mythmaking, the book contributes to understandings of both the power of Soviet identities and the de-legitimizing potential of the Soviet Union's chief legitimizing myths. Because besieged Leningrad blurred the boundaries between the largely male battlefront and the predominantly female home front, it offers a unique vantage point for a study of the gendered dimensions of the war experience, urban space, individual memory, and public commemoration.

The core of scientific computing is designing, writing, testing, debugging and modifying numerical software for application to a vast range of areas: from graphics, meteorology and chemistry to engineering, biology and finance. Scientists, engineers and computer scientists need to write good code, for speed, clarity, flexibility and ease of re-use. Oliveira and Stewart's style guide for numerical software points out good practices to follow, and pitfalls to avoid. By following their advice, readers will learn how to write efficient software, and how to test it for bugs, accuracy and performance. Techniques are explained with a variety of programming languages, and illustrated with two extensive design examples, one in Fortran 90 and one in C++: other examples in C, C++, Fortran 90 and Java are scattered throughout the book. This manual of scientific computing style will be an essential addition to the bookshelf and lab of everyone who writes numerical software.

In his own time, Shakespeare was best known to the reading public as a poet, and even today copies of his Sonnets regularly outsell everything else he wrote. For this edition, Stephen Orgel offers a warmly personal and original introduction to Shakespeare's best-loved and most widely read poems. Careful readings emphasize their sexual and temperamental ambiguity, their textual history and the special perils an editor faces when modernizing the original quarto's spelling, punctuation, and even layout. The edition retains the text of the Sonnets prepared by Gwynne Evans, together with his detailed notes on each, and a line-by-line commentary. Throughout, the 'voices' of the sonnets appear in all their intricacy and dramatic power.

Since the rediscovery of Elizabethan stage conditions early this century, admiration for Measure for Measure has steadily risen. It is now a favourite with the critics and has attracted widely different styles of performance. At one extreme, the play is seen as a religious allegory; at the other, it has been interpreted as a comedy protesting against power and privilege. Brian Gibbons focuses on the unique tragi-comic experience of watching the play, the intensity and excitement offered by its dramatic rhythm, the reversals and surprises which shock the audience even to the end. His introduction considers how the play's critical reception and stage history have varied according to prevailing social, moral and religious issues, which have remained highly sensitive. This updated edition contains a new introductory section by Angela Stock, which describes recent stage, film and critical interpretations, and an updated reading list.

Titus Andronicus is still regarded by many as a bad play of dubious authorship. Its adversaries have abhorred the violence of the action and the apparent lapses in the quality of the verse. Since 1945, however, the play has been taken increasingly seriously in both the theatre and the study: the violence and cruelty it depicts were disconcertingly matched by the events of two World Wars. Hughes joins those critics who take the play seriously, arguing for its unity of theme and its grim humour, and demonstrates that it is the work of a brilliant stage craftsman, confident in his mastery of space, movement and verse. The text is based on the first quarto, supplemented by crucial additions and stage directions from the Folio. For this updated edition, a new section is included on recent stage, film and critical interpretations by Sue Hall-Smith. An updated reading list completes the edition.

This is a fully annotated edition of all the poems which are now generally regarded as Shakespeare's, excluding the Sonnets. It contains Venus and Adonis, The Rape of Lucrece, The Phoenix and the Turtle, The Passionate Pilgrim, and A Lover's Complaint. The introduction to the two long narrative poems examines their place within the classical and Renaissance European traditions, an issue which also applies to The Phoenix and the Turtle. John Roe analyses the conditions in which the collection was produced, and weighs the evidence for and against Shakespeare's authorship of A Lover's Complaint and the much-debated question of its genre. He demonstrates how in his management of formal tropes Shakespeare, like the best Elizabethans, fashions a living language out of handbook oratory. This updated edition contains a new introductory section on recent critical interpretations and an updated reading list.

From PhD student to post-doc, Phil Dee has been sharing his career experiences with fellow scientists in his regular and acclaimed Science Next Wave column since 2000. Now his invaluable and entertaining advice is available in this compact warts-and-all guide to getting your science PhD and subsequent post-doctoral employment as a researcher. Phil Dee offers you the inside track on what life in the lab is really like with down-to-earth suggestions for making the most productive use of your time, dealing with personal relationships in science and maintaining your morale, as well as dealing with more practical issues like how to design a good poster. As well as being based on the author's own experiences, the book brings together a wealth of advice from other scientists who have made it in science, and from a few who haven't. The book will be accessible to all early career scientists worldwide.

Since the publication of its first edition, this textbook has become the definitive student introduction to the subject. As with earlier editions, the seventh edition gives a clear understanding of fundamental legal concepts and their importance within society. In addition, this book addresses the ways in which rules and the structures of law respond to and impact upon changes in economic and political life. The title has been extensively updated and explores recent high profile developments such as the Civil Partnership Act 2005 and the Racial and Religious Hatred Bill. This introductory text covers a wide range of topics in a clear, sensible fashion giving full context to each. For this reason An Introduction to Law is ideal for all students of law, be they undergraduate law students, those studying law as part of a mixed degree, or students on social sciences courses which offer law options.

Essential reading for professionals who present data at meetings and academic conferences. This is an important career skill for anyone in the sciences, and the book features step-by-step instruction for creating clear and compelling presentations, from structuring a talk and developing effective PowerPoint slides through delivery before an audience. Includes color examples of slides and posters from actual presentations, and field-tested methods for success behind the podium. Also contains tips on answering questions and strategies for handling media and job interviews. The authors are professional public speakers who teach presentation skills to scientists and medical researchers at the National Institutes of Health and in the private sector.

This concise guide to planning, writing, and presenting research is intended for biology students of all levels, especially those in behavioral ecology, The reader is guided through a discussion of the nature of scientific research, how to plan research, and how to obtain funding. The authors give advice and guidelines for presenting results at research seminars and scientific meetings, and also provide useful tips on preparing abstracts and posters for scientific meetings. They discuss how to write an effective C.V. and give general tips on how to write clearly. The book is illuminated throughout with personal examples from the authors' own experiences and emphasis is placed on problems associated with field studies. All biologists will find this a valuable resource and guide for the early years of their scientific careers and established faculty will find it an essential instructional tool.

This Companion volume offers fifteen original essays on the Hellenistic world and is intended to complement and supplement general histories of the period from Alexander the Great to Kleopatra VII of Egypt. Each chapter treats a different aspect of the Hellenistic world — religion, philosophy, family, economy, material culture, and military campaigns, among other topics. The essays address key questions about this period: To what extent were Alexander's conquests responsible for the creation of this new 'Hellenistic' age What is the essence of this world and how does it differ from its Classical predecessor What continuities and discontinuities can be identified Collectively, the essays provide an in-depth view of a complex world. The volume also provides the most recent bibliography on the topics along with recommendations for further reading.

Action Plan for IELTS is a short, self-study guide for students about to take the IELTS test. The book is organised by paper and examines each question type in detail. It gives students a last-minute action plan, providing examples, mini practice tasks and strategies to maximise their band score in the test. Action Plan for IELTS is available for both the Academic and General Training module. The Academic module is suitable for students around Band 6+ and the General Training module for students around Band 5+.

Action Plan for IELTS is a short, self-study guide for students about to take the IELTS test. The book is organised by paper and examines each question type in detail. It gives students a last-minute action plan, providing examples, mini practice tasks and strategies to maximise their band score in the test. Action Plan for IELTS is available for both the Academic and General Training module. The Academic module is suitable for students around Band 6+ and the General Training module for students around Band 5+.

Advanced Skills completes the Listening/Speaking/Reading/Writing Extra suite of books by offering extra skills practice at advanced level. While not specifically written as exam practice material, the book includes tasks similar to those that students have to do in the main Cambridge exams (CAE, CPE, IELTS). The book is divided into four sections by skill and each section offers nine units on the same nine general topics. Each activity includes a page of step-by-step teacherÂ’s notes and one to three photocopiable pages for students to use in class. The lessons last approximately 60 minutes. Each activity focuses on a particular skill, for example, listening for specific information, but students will also use other skill areas, such as speaking and writing, as part of the lesson. The book explores topics such as relationships, emotions, rights and wrongs and the unexpected, approaching these topics from original angles, which will capture the interest of students.

Business Benchmark is a Business English course for BEC or BULATS and can also be used independently of these exams for general Business English courses. The Personal Study Book contains essential grammar and vocabulary practice for students at a lower-intermediate level.

Business Benchmark is a Business English course for BEC or BULATS and can also be used independently of these exams for general Business English courses. The Student's Book provides lower-intermediate level students with essential business language and vocabulary and provides training and practice for the BEC Preliminary exam, using real BEC exam tasks provided by Cambridge ESOL.

Business Benchmark is a Business English course for BEC or BULATS and can also be used independently of these exams for general Business English courses. The Student's Book provides lower-intermediate level students with essential business language and vocabulary and provides training and practice for the BULATS test, using real BULATS test tasks provided by Cambridge ESOL. It includes a CD-ROM with a full BULATS practice test from Cambridge ESOL.

Business Benchmark is a Business English course for BEC or BULATS and can also be used independently of these exams for general Business English courses. The Teacher's Resource Book contains answer keys, tapescripts, model writing compositions, information about the BULATS test and the BEC exam, teaching notes and extra activities.

Business Benchmark is a Business English course for BEC or BULATS and can also be used independently of these exams for general Business English courses. This Personal Study Book contains essential grammar and vocabulary practice for students at an upper-intermediate level.

Business Benchmark is a Business English course for BEC or BULATS and can also be used independently of these exams for general Business English courses. Business Benchmark is a Business English course for BEC or BULATS and can also be used independently of these exams for general Business English courses. This course book provides upper-intermediate level students with essential business language and vocabulary and provides training and practice for the BEC Vantage exam, using real BEC exam tasks provided by Cambridge ESOL.

Business Benchmark is a Business English course for BEC or BULATS and can also be used independently of these exams for general Business English courses. This course book provides upper intermediate level students with essential business language and vocabulary and provides training and practice for the BULATS test, using real BULATS test tasks provided by Cambridge ESOL. It includes a CD-ROM with a full BULATS practice test from Cambridge ESOL.

Business Benchmark is a Business English course for BEC or BULATS and can also be used independently of these exams for general Business English courses. This Teacher's Book contains answer keys, tapescripts, model writing compositions, information about the BULATS test and the BEC exam, teaching notes and extra activities.

Business Start-up is a two-level (CEF level A1/A2) Business English course for adults who need English for their work. Business Start-up takes beginners and false beginners from basic English up to the point where they can start preparing for the BEC Preliminary examination. Level 1 covers competencies from Council of Europe level A1 and leads into A2. The Business Start-up Teacher's Books contain detailed notes on every lesson with added tips and advice on how to manage and extend the course material. Additional communication activities in each lesson offer even more communicative language practice. The Teacher's Book also contains a placement/end of course multiple choice test and progress tests after every three units. The Business Start-up website offers a downloadable list of «Can-do» statements for every unit based on competencies from the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, allowing students the chance to reflect on what they've learnt and evaluate their own progress.