Oxford University Press

- Increased and detailed level of coverage relevant for practitioners — Appendices reproduce relevant legislation, standard forms and clauses and mutual insurance association rules — Clear and accessible writing makes this a user-friendly, time-saving text for practitioners in insurance and shipping fields — Full coverage of commonly used market clauses, including both Institute and International Hull Clauses. New to this edition — Revised structure including a new chapter on interpretation and rectification of insurance contracts The law of marine insurance constitutes a major branch of the law of international trade and shipping law which is of considerable international importance. This new edition gives a clear, updated account of English marine insurance law, combining detailed analysis of modern statute and case law with a clear comprehension of practice and commerce in the shipping world. The discussion embraces not only the constantly evolving case law, but also standard forms and clauses (including the 2003 International Hull Clauses), and the rules of mutual insurance associations. Coverage includes all relevant areas of general insurance contract law as well as all issues of specifically marine insurance law. The entire text of the second edition has been considered afresh and includes significant new or additional material in particular relating to: historical background, insurable interest, policy formation, the doctrine of utmost good faith, premiums, policy interpretation, excluded losses, third party rights, losses, claims, aversion and minimisation of loss, insurers' contribution rights, and composite policies. Presenting a revised structure with the practitioner in mind, this new edition includes a new chapter on interpretation and rectification of insurance contracts.

- Brings together practical advice with detailed discussion of the underlying principles to provide an authoritative work of reference for practitioners and academics alike — Written and edited by a team of over 20 practitioners specializing in media and entertainment law who have been personally involved in most of the recent privacy cases which are considered in the book, therefore offering proven reliability and insider knowledge — The supplement updates the main work to August 2005, which makes it an essential point of reference for practitioners as well as academics A specialist team of barristers from Five Raymond Buildings (the media, entertainment and human rights chambers) have come together to write this timely consideration of the rapidly developing law of privacy in England and Wales. The book considers how the law protects the publication of personal information without undermining the fundamental principle of freedom of expression. Although intended as a practitioners' guide to the law, it includes a consideration of comparative and international jurisprudence, as well as leading academic writings on the subject, in order to elaborate the principles upon which privacy rights are based. These may helpfully guide the development of English law in the years ahead. At the heart of the book is an explanation of existing causes of action which may be used to protect personal privacy and practical advice on defences and remedies that may be available. It is recognized that recent legislation, most notably the Data Protection Act 1998 and the Human Rights Act 1998, has had a significant impact on the law in this area and full consideration is given to their application. A vast range of case law is also analysed, including the House of Lords judgment in Naomi Campbell v MGN Ltd , the European Court of Human Rights judgment in Von Hannover v Germany , and the Court of Appeal judgment in Douglas v Hello! . The Law of Privacy and the Media is essential reading for all those who act for or against the media, as well as all those with a general interest in the subject. The inclusion of the second cumulative supplement in this set brings the complete work up to date to August 2005.

- It brings the main work fully up to date to August 2005, thereby maintaining its usefulness — Written and edited by a team of over 20 practitioners specializing in media and entertainment law who have been personally involved in most of the recent privacy cases: this guarantees reliability — The main work and the second cumulative supplement are also available together as a set This second cumulative supplement to The Law of Privacy and the Media covers all developments in the key areas of the subject up to August 2005. It is an essential purchase for all who already own the main work, and maintains its currency. The supplement updates the main work paragraph by paragraph, following the same structure as the main work. Cases analysed include Naomi Campbell v MGN Ltd , the European Court of Human Rights judgment in Von Hannover v Germany , and the Court of Appeal judgment in Douglas v Hello! . The Law of Privacy and the Media is essential reading for all those who act for or against the media, as well as all those with a general interest in the subject. This supplement keeps it up to date and is also available as a set together with the main work

- Comprehensive and authoritative new guide to legal professional privilege as it applies to litigation and non-litigation situations — Contains up-to-date analysis of law and practice following the landmark decisions of the Court of Appeal and House of Lords in the Three Rivers litigation, and the impact of the Human Rights Act 1998 — Provides detailed coverage of all key aspects of privilege: legal advice privilege, litigation privilege, loss of privilege, joint and common interest privilege, without prejudice privilege, and the privilege against self-incrimination — Includes practical guidance on issues that arise regularly in practice, such as the effect of asserting privilege, exceptions, the law regarding pre-existing documents, procedural matters (including the means of challenging a claim), and multi-jurisdictional issues — Written by an author team of leading practitioners from Fountain Court chambers headed by Bankim Thanki QC, who appeared in the Three Rivers litigation — Includes a foreword by the Rt Hon Lord Bingham of Cornhill This significant new title provides a comprehensive guide to legal professional privilege as it applies to litigation and non-litigation situations. The book contains authoritative guidance on the law as it stands today, following the landmark decisions of the Court of Appeal and House of Lords in the Three Rivers litigation, which challenged long-established assumptions about the nature and scope of privilege, and the impact of the Human Rights Act 1998. Written by Bankim Thanki QC, who appeared in the Three Rivers cases, and a leading team from Fountain Court chambers, it provides detailed coverage of the nature of privilege, how it arises, how it is lost, and its limits. The text is divided into eight logical themes. It looks first at the policy underlying privilege and its nature, and then at the definitions of legal advice privilege, which relates to communications between lawyer and client; and litigation privilege, which can attach to third party communications in the context of litigation. It goes on to provide expert guidance on issues that arise regularly in practice, such as exceptions (including a detailed analysis of the crime/fraud exception), multi-jurisdictional issues, procedural matters, and problem areas, such as pre-existing and partly privileged documents. It also covers loss of legal professional privilege (loss of confidence, and implied and express waiver); joint and common interest privilege; the linked area of without prejudice privilege, its scope, exceptions, rules governing waiver, and the position in respect of mediation; and the privilege against self-incrimination. The book is clearly laid out, with extensive cross-referencing to ensure ease of understanding and quick access to information. It is an essential reference tool for practitioners in all fields of practice, and for students of Civil Procedure.

- Includes contributions from leading authorities on the law of the sea, both academic and practitioner — Critically reviews the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and the range of developments which have occurred since its inception — Examines the tension between regional global regimes for oceans governance and the structural regulation of the UN 1982 Convention — Examines the adaptability of the UN 1982 Convention and its ability to cope with unforeseen contemporary issues of oceans use It is now more than ten years since the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOSC) came into force and more than twenty years since it was concluded in December of 1982 after more than nine years of negotiations. The famous nullpackage dealnull that it represented addressed many of the problematic issues that previous conventions had been unable to settle. This collection of essays, by leading academics and practitioners, provides a critical review of the LOSC and its relationship to and interface with the wide range of developments which have occurred since 1982. The individual chapters reveal a number of core themes, including the need to maintain the integrity of the LOSC and its centrality to oceans regulation; the tension between regional global regimes for oceans governance and the struggle to reconcile these within the LOSC; the gradual consolidation of authority over oceans space; the difficulty of adapting some of the more dated provisions of the LOSC to deal with unforeseen contemporary issues of oceans use; and the consequent development of the general obligations of the LOSC through binding and non-binding agreements. They clearly indicate the potential impact and role of post-LOSC agreements and institutions in developing the law of the sea and resolving some of the outstanding substantive issues. From this it is clear that the future of the Law of the Sea will involve an understanding of the wider legal environment within which it operates.

- Describes the legal framework promoting, and policy implications of, monetary and financial stability — Systematic treatment of national, European and international developments in monetary and financial law with emphasis on public law aspects — Presents the framework for the prevention and resolution of financial crises, nationally and internationally — Logical and sound analysis on the range of issues currently discussed by academics and practitioners specialising in this field — Examines the foundations of international monetary law, with a detailed analysis of the law of the IMF and the Law of the European Central Bank Legal Foundations of International Monetary Stability which will appeal to both practitioners and academics, is a book on monetary law and related aspects of financial regulation providing a systematic and thorough study of how national, supra-national and international developments have dramatically changed the dynamic field of monetary law over the last two decades. Lastra looks at this in three main parts. Beginning with the notion of monetary sovereignty, its attributes and limitations, the author goes on to analyse the concept of monetary stability and the institutional developments to promote it, in particular independent central banks and currency boards. Since a sound banking system is essential for maintaining monetary stability, the book also presents a legal study of the design of supervision and of the mechanisms available to the national authorities to confront banking crises and to maintain financial stability. The monetary law reform process in emerging economies is also examined. The second part of the book covers European monetary law, the history of monetary integration in Europe, the institutions of Monetary Union (the European System of Central Banks and the Euro) and the functioning and challenges confronted by this new institutional arrangement, in particular with regard to the governance structure for financial regulation and supervision. In the third part the international monetary system, its history and institutions, with emphasis on the law of the International Monetary Fund, is examined. It also presents a rethinking of the way international financial institutions manage financial crises. This new text fills a gap in the current public international law literature for a systematic and comprehensive text on the international monetary and financial system and is essential reading for academics and practitioners in the field of monetary law.

- Sheds light on the genesis of Hart's ideas and the scale of his contribution to legal and political philosophy — An intellectual history of trends in 20th century legal, social, philosophical, and political thought — Hart's profound personal and professional doubts raise fascinating questions about the nature of intellectual creativity Shortlisted for the 2005 British Academy Book prize, Nicola Lacey's entrancing biography recounts the life of H.L.A. Hart, the pre-eminent legal philosopher of the twentieth century. Following Hart's life from modest origins as the son of Jewish tailor parents in Yorkshire to worldwide fame as the most influential English-speaking legal theorist of the post-War era, the book traces his successive metamorphoses; from Yorkshire schoolboy to Oxford scholar, from government intelligence officer to Professor of Jurisprudence, from awkward batchelor to family figurehead. In the tradition of Ray Monk's biography of Wittgenstein, Nicola Lacey paints an absorbing picture of intellectual and psychological development, of a mind struggling to cope with intellectual self-doubt, uncertain sexuality, a difficult marriage and an anti-semitic society. In depicting the evolution of Hart's life and mind, Lacey provides a vivid recreation of both the intellectual and social climate of Oxford in the post-War era.

A guidebook to understanding the laws, regulations, and practices concerning polical activity in the major industrial democracies of the world

- Covers a wide range of topics of interest to private law scholars, ranging from unjust enrichment and restitution, comparative perspectives, Roman law, and legal history — Written by the foremost scholars in their areas of contribution This collection of essays celebrates the life and work of Peter Birks, who was Regius Professor of Civil Law at the University of Oxford, and Fellow of All Souls College. Widely known as one of the most prolific legal scholars for over twenty years, his contribution to English obligations law is legendary. He was Founder of the Clarendon Law Lectures, editor of the Clarendon Law Series, editor of the Oxford English Law Series, and author of several works on the English law of restitution, comparative restitution, and unjust enrichment. This works in this volume cover the English law of unjust enrichment and restitution, comparative perspectives on unjust enrichment and restitution, Roman law, and legal history, reflecting the range on Peter Birks' work and influence. As one of the most distinguished academic lawyers of his generation Peter Birks' contribution to legal scholarship grew to be recognised as one of the most outstanding by a British jurist in the second half of the twentieth century. This collection attempts to acknowledge and pay tribute to Peter Birks' work.

- Endorsed by Cambridge International Examinations. — Written by respected bestselling mathematics author. — All material precisely targeted to IGCSE specification. — Fully updated for new syllabus, including objectives at the start of each unit. — IGCSE exam questions integrated throughout the book. This is a new edition of an existing textbook, with updated content for the 2006 syllabus. It is designed to be a student main text, and contains all you need to pass the IGCSE Extended exam.

- Comprehensive coverage of the law, architecture and procedure of United Kingdom merger control: a single, convenient source for all queries on the subject — Invaluable practical advice on shaping and preparing transactions while minimising regulatory risk — Expert economic commentary, presented in a manner accessible to a non-specialist readership, provides readers with an understanding of the role that economics plays in merger control — Detailed appendices allow readers to access basic texts easily — A companion website provides ongoing coverage of the most recent developments, keeping the readers fully up to speed Merger control in the United Kingdom has recently entered a new phase in its development. The advent of the relevant aspects of the Enterprise Act 2002 has been welcomed as a 'depoliticisation' of the regime. The role of the Secretary of State has been all but excised, and the substantive criteria against which mergers are assessed have been revised to offer formally a competition-based standard. Together with guidance published subsequently, the reforms also prescribe a range of new procedural guarantees for those parties affected under the regime. In addition, the EC merger control regime and in particular the nature of its relationship with the competent authorities of the Member States has been significantly revised. It is against this backdrop that the authors — leading experts with first rate regulatory, practical and academic experience — offer a comprehensive statement of the law, architecture, and procedure of merger control in the United Kingdom; explain the factors pertinent to the economic appraisal of mergers in a manner accessible to a legal audience; and give invaluable practical guidance on managing the transactional process and regulatory risk.

- Only book of its kind to detail high-profile court cases that involve psychological issues such as the insanity defense, capital punishment, and criminal profiling, among others — Book has broad appeal among professionals in the forensic psychology field, as well as students and general readers Everyday, in courtrooms everywhere, people's lives are touched and shaped by judgments and verdicts influenced by the testimony of psychologists and other mental health experts. This casebook details 20 high-profile court cases that turned, at least in part, on the expertise of forensic psychologists and psychiatrists and involved such psychological issues as insanity, criminal profiling, capital punishment, competence to stand trial, infanticide, domestic violence, false confessions, and psychological autopsies. The defendents in these cases range from household names such as Woodly Allen, Mike Tyson, Patty Hearst, and Jeffrey Dahmer to others whose brief brush with infamy has long been forgotten. But regardless of their notoriety or celebrity status, each of these carefully selected cases teaches important lessons about the role that psychology and the other behavioral sciences play in our legal system.

- The first in-depth treatment of moral rights across a range of major jurisdictions. — Separate sections devoted to France, Germany, Canada, the UK, the US and Australia, make it ideal for the practitioner involved in cross-jurisdictional disputes. — Comparative and historical analysis across the jurisdictions gives an overall understanding of the rights. — Extensive case notes provide concrete examples of the rights' utilisation and development in each jursidiction. This book is a comprehensive guide to the development and utilisation of moral rights across the key jursidictions of the English-speaking world and in France and Germany. In recent years, the copyright statutes of the common law countries have been expanded by the introduction of provisions dealing with purely authorial rights — moral rights. The book discusses the historical development of the rights in Europe, with particular reference to France and Germany, and shows the growth of moral rights theory and legislative coverage up to the late 1930s. During the 1920s the moral rights of authors became the subject of international protection, particularly through the operation of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works. The book explores the adoption of moral rights into this and other international instruments, explaining the functions that moral rights were intended to perform. The author gives detailed accounts of the operation of moral rights in France and Germany today, addressing both statutory interpretation and doctrinal issues. The provision of case studies gives an impression of the rich jurisprudence associated with the rights in these countries. The book also contains a detailed discussion of the versions of moral rights that have become entrenched in Canada, the UK, the US and Australia, with each country considered independently. It deals separately with the introduction of the rights into each country and their operation and interpretation by courts and commentators. Material on common law analogues to the rights is provided, which indicates alternative actions that practitioners might take. Problems of cross-jurisdictional legal proceedings (especially arising from technological transfer of information) are also addressed, with moral rights protection elsewhere in the world summarised in tabular form.

- The first comprehensive account of the law in this area aimed at practitioners. Offers an overview of all areas upon which the Law of Negligence could impact upon public authorities. Includes full coverage of the Human Rights Act 1998 and determinations of Duty of Care — Provides clear and practical guidance in those areas where negligence liability has been decided, and considered academic analysis where those aspects of the law are unclear or developing — The highly experienced and authoritative authors from Matrix Chambers offer expert and reliable analysis of the Law of Negligence and resulting issues — To ensure that the Law of Negligence is put into context, public authority activity has been arranged into areas of service provision, with examples of where the Law may apply offered for each This is a thorough account of the law on the negligence liability of public authorities, providing practical guidance as well as a clear analysis of this developing area of law. Divided into two Parts, the first part focuses on the extent to which the public nature of a defendant affects civil liability and the principles that govern and limit that liability. Part two considers the law as it impacts upon specific areas of public authorities' activities. This is an invaluable resource for barristers and solicitors specializing in public law, professional negligence, local government law, or specific areas such as education, healthcare, housing, and civil actions against the police and for lawyers employed by local authorities, regulators, and those professionals involved in the delivery of the service of public authorities.

- Distinctive socio-legal approach to the analysis of public contracting in contemporary Britain — Covers a range of legal governance issues including government administration, and public services such as health and education — Topical examination of a range of key New Labour policies including privatization, the encouragement of competition and choice in public services, the reform of government administration, and the 'responsibilization' through contract of individual offenders, jobseekers, and school pupils This book charts the significant increase in Britain over the last 25 years in the deployment of contract as a regulatory mechanism across a broad spectrum of social relationships. Since Labour came to power in 1997 the trend has accelerated, the use of contract spreading beyond the sphere of economics into public administration and social policy. The 'new public contracting' is the term given this distinctive mode of governance, characterized by the delegation of contractual powers and responsibilities to public agencies in regulatory frameworks preserving central government controls and powers of intervention. In many cases the contracts are not legally enforceable, their power as regulatory instruments deriving from the hierarchical authority relations in which they are embedded. Examples of the new public contracting include the regulation of relationships between government departments through Public Service Agreements and Framework Documents; the regulation of relationships between individual citizens and the state through Youth Offender Contracts, Parenting Contracts, and Jobseekers Agreements; the funding of public infrastructure projects through Public Private Partnerships; and the restructuring of key public service sectors such as health, social care and education through contracts in competitive quasi-markets, reflecting the Government's privatization agenda. The book critically analyzes and evaluates such contractual arrangements with reference to theories of relational contract and responsive regulation. It argues that while in business and other private relations contract routinely enables the parties to regulate and adjust their on-going relationships to mutual benefit, this is often not the case in the new public contracting. In many instances crucial elements of trust, voluntariness, and reciprocity are shown to be lacking. This and other weaknesses in regulatory design are likely to impede the attainment of the Government's policy objectives. The book demonstrates the problems of ineffectiveness and lack of legitimacy generally associated with this mode of regulation, and specifies institutional and other conditions that need to be satisfied for the more responsive governance of these public service functions.

A succinct biography of one of the most important figures ever to sit on the United States Supreme Court Known as the «Great Dissenter,» Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. wrote some of the most eloquent opinions in the history of the United States Supreme Court. A brilliant legal mind who served on the high court into his nineties, Holmes was responsible for some of the most important judicial opinions of the twentieth century. Now, in this superb short biography, G. Edward White offers readers a lively, informative portrait of this singular individual. The book first sketches Holmes's early years--his childhood in Boston, his undergraduate years at Harvard (which his father and both grandfathers also attended), and his valiant service in the Civil War, during which he was severely wounded three times. After the war, Holmes went into private law practice, wrote his landmark treatise The Common Law in 1881, had a short tenure on the Harvard Law School faculty, and spent 20 years as a judge on the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts before being named to the U.S. Supreme Court. The author focuses on his remarkable 30-year service as a Supreme Court Justice, beginning in 1902, and details Holmes's most significant cases--Abrams v. United States, Northern Securities Co. v. United States, Lochner v. New York, Schenck v. United States , and others--which limited working hours, set a mandatory minimum wage, protected women's rights, legalized labor unions, and defined freedom of speech. These decisions--as well as The Common Law --are highly regarded to this day. A new volume in the Lives and Legacy series, this marvelous short biography offers an ideal introduction to a towering figure in American law.

Practical guidance on this ever-evolving area of the law

- A broad ranging critical assessment of comparative law at the beginning of the twenty-first century — Charts the development of comparative law — Examines traditional model jurisdictions, such as France, Germany, and the United States, as well as regions like Eastern Europe, East Asia, and Latin America. — Discusses the major approaches to comparative law and its relationship with other fields, such as legal history, economics, and linguistics — Comprises forty chapters written by experts from around the world The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Law provides a wide-ranging and highly diverse survey as well as a critical assessment of comparative law at the beginning of the twenty-first century. It summarizes and evaluates a discipline that is time-honoured but not easily understood in all its dimensions. In the current era of globalization, this discipline is more relevant than ever, both on the academic and on the practical level. The Handbook is divided into three main sections. Section I surveys how comparative law has developed and where it stands today in various parts of the world. This includes not only traditional model jurisdictions, such as France, Germany, and the United States, but also other regions like Eastern Europe, East Asia, and Latin America. Section II then discusses the major approaches to comparative law — its methods, goals, and its relationship with other fields, such as legal history, economics, and linguistics. Finally, section III deals with the status of comparative studies in over a dozen subject matter areas, including the major categories of private, economic, public, and criminal law. The Handbook contains forty eight chapters which are written by experts from around the world. The aim of each chapter is to provide an accessible, original, and critical account of the current state of comparative law in its respective area which will help to shape the agenda in the years to come. Each chapter also includes a short bibliography referencing the definitive works in the field.

In this groundbreaking interpretation of America's founding and of its entire system of judicial review, Larry Kramer reveals that the colonists fought for and created a very different system--and held a very different understanding of citizenship--than Americans believe to be the norm today. «Popular sovereignty» was not just some historical abstraction, and the notion of «the people» was more than a flip rhetorical device invoked on the campaign trail. Questions of constitutional meaning provoked vigorous public debate and the actions of government officials were greeted with celebratory feasts and bonfires, or riotous resistance. Americans treated the Constitution as part of the lived reality of their daily existence. Their self-sovereignty in law as much as politics was active not abstract.

- The first ever comprehensive treatment of peremptory norms in international law — Examines the basis for the peremptory character of norms, as well as the effect of peremptory norms in a variety of fields, including the use of force in an aggressive war — Covers the wide variety of cases and situations in which the relevance of peremptory norms has been raised — Combines a systemic analysis with an examination of current issues, bringing together the practical and academic heritage accumulated in different legal traditions and languages This monograph analyses the questions raised by the legal effects of peremptory norms of international law (jus cogens). A comprehensive study of this problem has been lacking so far in international legal doctrine. Peremptory norms, although often criticised and even more often approached with sceptical nihilism, nevertheless attract growing doctrinal and practical attention and have increasing importance in determining the permissible limits on the action of State and non-State actors in different areas. In view of this overriding impact on what might otherwise be instances of the law-making process, peremptory norms concern a constitutional aspect of international law. Peremptory norms are non-derogable norms, and the concept of derogation is among the key concepts analysed here. Derogation from peremptory norms can be attempted in a wide variety of situations, but if peremptory norms are to operate as norms and not merely as aspirations they must generate consequences that are also peremptory. This effects-oriented character of peremptory norms is examined in a variety of fields. Despite the growing relevance of peremptory norms in practice, doctrine has failed to treat the issue comprehensively and has often been limited to examining specific aspects of the problem, such as the impact of peremptory norms in the law of treaties. This fresh effort to examine and explain the phenomenon of peremptory norms in key areas fills an important doctrinal gap through presenting in a systematic way the effects of peremptory norms and reappraising the significance of such effects, bearing in mind their overall nature. It also demonstrates that the hierarchical superiority of peremptory norms is not limited to the sphere of primary legal relations but becomes most crucially relevant after a specific peremptory norm is breached. A norm's peremptory character is relevant not only for its substance but also for its consequences; peremptoriness consists primarily in the capacity to impact through its effects upon conflicting acts, situations and agreements.

- Takes a multidisciplinary approach to the subject of penal policy and criminology — Includes a mixture of both empirical research and theoretical perspectives — Comparative analysis — International coverage The book offers an incisive collection of contemporary research into the problems of crime control and punishment. It has three inter-related aims: to take stock of current thinking on punishment, regulation, and control in the early years of a new century and in the wake of a number of critical junctures, including 9/11, which have transformed the social, political, and cultural environment; to present a selection of the diverse epistemological and methodological frameworks which inform current research; and finally to set out some fruitful directions for the future study of punishment. The contributions to this collection cover some of the most exciting and challenging areas of current research including terrorism and the politics of fear, penality in societies in transition, penal policy and the construction of political identity, the impact of digital culture on modes of compliance, the emergent hegemony of information and surveillance systems, and the evolving politics of victimhood. Taken together, this work draws connections between local problems of crime control, transnational forms of governance, and the ways in which certain political and jurisprudential discourses have come to dominate policy and practice in western penal systems. ERRATUM The sentence on p. 153, lines 5-7 should read «...if welfare expenditure had not risen but remained at its 1987 level, the rise in imprisonment would have been 20 per cent greater than actually occurred, i.e. from 75 in 1987 to 99 in 1998.» No other part of the book is affected by this correction.

- Takes a multidisciplinary approach to the subject of penal policy and criminology — Includes a mixture of both empirical research and theoretical perspectives — Comparative analysis — International coverage ERRATUM The sentence on p. 153, lines 5-7 should read «...if welfare expenditure had not risen but remained at its 1987 level, the rise in imprisonment would have been 20 per cent greater than actually occurred, i.e. from 75 in 1987 to 99 in 1998.» No other part of the book is affected by this correction.

- The first comprehensive and introductory account of the principal themes in contemporary jurisprudential debates, ideal for those studying the subject at undergraduate or postgraduate level — Key themes and complex legal philosophical debates are clearly outlined, encouraging readers to critically evaluate the subject — Provides students with an informed view of both the limits and possibilities of the philosophy of private law On what basis does tort law hold us responsible to those who suffer as a result of our carelessness? Why, when we breach our contracts, should we make good the losses of those with whom we contracted? In what sense are our torts and our breaches of contract 'wrongs'? These two branches of private law have for centuries provided philosophers and jurists with grounds for puzzlement. This book provides an outline of, and intervention in, contemporary jurisprudential debates about the nature and foundation of liability in private law. After outlining the realm of the philosophy of private law, the book divides into two. Part I examines the various components of liability responsibility in private law, including the notions of basic responsibility, conduct, causation and wrongfulness. Part II considers arguments purporting to show that private law does and should embody a conception of either distributive or corrective justice or some combination of the two. Throughout the book a number of distinctions — between conceptual and normative argument, between jurisprudential 'theory' and private law 'practice', between legal obligation and moral obligation — are analyzed, the aim being to give students an informed grasp of both the limits and possibilities of the philosophy of private law.

- The only guide to court procedure and practice written specifically for police officers — Provides helpful information on a range of topics such as court procedures, giving evidence, case progression and preparing case files — Includes plenty of practical tips, court plans, flow-charts and diagrams — Explains the different features and processes of each relevant court — the Magistrate's Court, the Crown Court and the Coroner's Court — Covers likely future changes and developments — Accessible and clear layout This text is a practical and very useful guide for police officers of all ranks, designed to prepare them for attending court. Most police officers will at some point be required to attend court and many officers attend on a regular basis. Going to Court is a unique text which demystifies and explains the court process. The book covers the main features and processes of the four relevant courts for police officers — the Magistrate's Court, the Crown Court, the Youth Court and the Coroner's Court. The book provides information on court procedures, giving evidence, case progression and case file preparation. Accessible and easy to use, there are many helpful flowcharts, diagrams, practical tips and court plans. This book is a must have for all police officers who need advice and practical help with this often daunting experience. It will also be of use to fire service professionals who need to attend court.